729 lines
18 KiB
Markdown
729 lines
18 KiB
Markdown
# References
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- https://www.faa.gov/sites/faa.gov/files/regulations_policies/handbooks_manuals/aviation/instrument_procedures_handbook/FAA-H-8083-16B_Chapter_6.pdf
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- https://developers.navigraph.com/docs/navigation-data/dfd-data-format#procedure-leg-data-fields-minimum-requirements
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# Terminators
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## Arc to Fix (AF)
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### Example
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LGAV 03L BIBE1K SID (Cycle 2507, ID 10653)
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### Minimum Required Fields
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- `WptID`: FixIdentifier
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- `TurnDir`: TurnDirection
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- `NavID`: RecommendedNavaid
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- `NavBear`: Theta (fix radial)
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- `NavDist`: RHO
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- `Course`: MagCourse (boundary radial)
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### Instructions
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- From preceding fix, fly a smooth arc to the fix identified by (`WptID`, `WptLat`, `WptLon`) *or*
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(`NavID`, `NavLat`, `NavLon`, `NavDist`, `NavBear`).
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- Arc radius shall be `NavDist`.
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- Arc center shall be navaid identified by `NavID`, `NavLat`, `NavLon`.
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- `Course` shall be the boundary radial on which the arc begins, measured from the navaid
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identified by (`NavID`, `NavLat`, `NavLon`, `NavDist`, `NavBear`).
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- Arc and turn shall be flown in direction specified by `TurnDir`.
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### Units
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- `NavBear` and `Course` are in **degrees magnetic**.
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- `NavDist` is in **nmi**. `NavDist` is geodesic (great-circle).
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### Notes
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While similar to an RF, the center point is coded differently.
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Calculate distance for FMS based on `2 * π * NavDist * abs(NavBear - Course) 360`.
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## Course to Altitude (CA)
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### Example
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LGAV 03L BIBE1L SID (Cycle 2507, ID 10654)
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### Minimum Required Fields
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- `Course`: MagCourse
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- `Alt`: Alt1+ (at or above)
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### Instructions
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- From preceding fix, fly along `Course` until reaching `Alt`.
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- If preceding fix was overfly, offset outbound `Course` to end of turn (tangent).
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- Earliest leg terminations is at point of tangent.
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### Units
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- `Course` is in **degrees magnetic**.
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- `Alt` is in **ft**, but doubles as an FMS constraint.
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### Notes
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The leg terminates upon reaching `Alt`.
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This intercept point then becomes the origin fix of the succeeding leg.
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This new origin is an implicit overfly.
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## Course to DME Distance (CD)
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### Example
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LGAV 21L BIBE2F SID (Cycle 2507, ID 10657)
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### Minimum Required Fields
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- `NavID`: RecommendedNavaid
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- `Course`: MagCourse
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- `Distance`: RouteDISTANCEHoldingTime (DME distance)
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### Instructions
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- From preceding fix, fly along `Course` until reaching `Distance` from the navaid identified by
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`NavID`.
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- If preceding fix was overfly, offset outbound `Course` to end of turn (tangent).
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- Earliest leg terminations is at point of tangent.
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### Units
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- `Course` is in **degrees magnetic**.
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- `Distance` is in **nmi**. `Distance` is slant **not** geodesic.
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### Notes
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The leg terminates upon reaching `Distance`.
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This intercept point then becomes the origin fix of the succeeding leg.
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## Course to Fix (CF)
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### Example
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LGAV 21L BIBE2F SID (Cycle 2507, ID 10657)
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### Minimum Required Fields
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- `WptID`: FixIdentifier
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- `NavID`: RecommendedNavaid
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- `NavBear`: Theta
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- `NavDist`: RHO
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- `Course`: MagCourse
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- `Distance`: RouteDISTANCEHoldingTime (Path length)
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### Instructions
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- From preceding fix, fly `Course` to the fix identified by (`WptID`, `WptLat`, `WptLon`) *or*
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(`NavID`, `NavLat`, `NavLon`, `NavDist`, `NavBear`).
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- If preceding fix was overfly, continue turn until intercept `Course`, then continue on `Course`.
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### Units
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- `NavBear` and `Course` are in **degrees magnetic**.
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- `NavDist` and `Distance` are in **nmi**. `NavDist` and `Distance` are geodesic.
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### Notes
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While this might feel like a TF, it isn't.
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A TF does not specify an exact course to be flown, relying on the computers to figure out the
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great-circle between the two fixes.
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My guess is, that a CF results in the turn from the preceding fix to be *shifted* so as to
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ensure the outbound course to the specified fix is equal to the coded course.
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Additionally, if a TurnDir is specified, if a large turn is required to fly `Course`, the turn
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shall be `TurnDir`.
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**This is a major difference to TF, these *never* produce such turns.**
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## Course to Intercept (CI)
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### Example
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LGAV 03L BIBE1L SID (Cycle 2507, ID 10654)
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### Minimum Required Fields
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- `Course`: MagCourse
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### Instructions
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- From preceding fix, fly `Course` until interception of course of the succeeding leg.
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### Units
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- `Course` is in **degrees magnetic**.
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### Notes
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This needs to look into the succeeding leg in order to calculate the intercept point.
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This intercept point then becomes the origin fix of the succeeding leg.
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This new origin can never be an overfly due to the intercept nature.
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## Course to Radial Termination (CR)
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### Example
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LGAV 03L KOR1D SID (Cycle 2507, ID 10679)
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### Minimum Required Fields
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- `NavID`: RecommendedNavaid
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- `NavBear`: Theta
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- `Course`: MagCourse
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### Instructions
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- From preceding fix, fly `Course` until interception of `NavBear` radial *from* the navaid
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identified by (`NavID`, `NavLat`, `NavLon`).
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### Units
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- `NavBear` and `Course` are in **degrees magnetic**.
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### Notes
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The leg terminates at the intercept point.
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This intercept point then becomes the origin fix of the succeeding leg.
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## Direct to Fix (DF)
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### Example
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LGAV 03L KOR1D SID (Cycle 2507, ID 10679)
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### Minimum Required Fields
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- `WptID`: FixIdentifier
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- `IsFlyOver`: Flyover
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### Instructions
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- From present position, fly direct to fix identified by `WptID`.
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- If preceding fix and fix identified by `WptId` are the same, execute 360° turn
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(requires `TurnDir`).
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### Units
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- `IsFlyOver`: Boolean indicating if fix is a mandatory fly over.
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## Track from Fix to Altitude (FA)
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### Example
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LGAV 21L BIBE2F SID (Cycle 2507, ID 10657)
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### Minimum Required Fields
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- `WptID`: FixIdentifier
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- `NavID`: RecommendedNavaid
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- `NavBear`: Theta
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- `NavDist`: RHO
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- `Course`: MagCourse
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- `Alt`: Alt1+ (at or above)
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### Instructions
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- From the fix identified by (`WptID`, `WptLat`, `WptLon`) *or*
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(`NavID`, `NavLat`, `NavLon`, `NavDist`, `NavBear`), fly `Course` until reaching `Alt`.
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- If preceding fix was overfly, continue turn until intercept `Course`, then continue on `Course`.
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- Earliest leg terminations is at point of intercept.
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### Units
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- `NavBear` and `Course` are in **degrees magnetic**.
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- `NavDist` is in **nmi**. `NavDist` is geodesic.
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- `Alt` is in **ft**, but doubles as an FMS constraint.
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### Notes
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The leg terminates upon reaching `Alt`.
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This intercept point then becomes the origin fix of the succeeding leg.
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This new origin is an implicit overfly.
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## Track from Fix for Distance (FC)
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### Example
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LIED 34L/R CAR6F SID (Cycle 2507, ID 11798)
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### Minimum Required Fields
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- `WptID`: FixIdentifier
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- `IsFlyOver`: FlyOver
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- `NavID`: RecommendedNavaid
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- `NavBear`: Theta
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- `NavDist`: RHO
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- `Course`: MagCourse
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- `Distance`: RouteDISTANCEHoldingTime (Path length)
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### Instructions
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- From the fix identified by (`WptID`, `WptLat`, `WptLon`) *or*
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(`NavID`, `NavLat`, `NavLon`, `NavDist`, `NavBear`), fly `Course` until reaching `Distance`.
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- If preceding fix was overfly, continue turn until intercept `Course`, then continue on `Course`.
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- Earliest leg terminations is at point of intercept.
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### Units
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- `NavBear` and `Course` are in **degrees magnetic**.
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- `NavDist` and `Distance` are in **nmi**. `NavDist` and `Distance` are geodesic.
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- `IsFlyOver`: Boolean indicating if fix is a mandatory fly over.
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### Notes
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The leg terminates upon reaching `Distance`.
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This intercept point then becomes the origin fix of the succeeding leg.
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## Track from Fix to DME Distance (FD)
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### Example
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LGAV 03R BIBE2T SID (Cycle 2507, ID 10659)
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### Minimum Required Fields
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- `WptID`: FixIdentifier
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- `NavID`: RecommendedNavaid
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- `NavBear`: Theta
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- `NavDist`: RHO
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- `Course`: MagCourse
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- `Distance`: RouteDISTANCEHoldingTime (DME distance)
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### Instructions
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- From the fix identified by (`WptID`, `WptLat`, `WptLon`) *or*
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(`NavID`, `NavLat`, `NavLon`, `NavDist`, `NavBear`), fly `Course` until reaching `Distance` from
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navaid identified by `NavID`.
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- If preceding fix was overfly, continue turn until intercept `Course`, then continue on `Course`.
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- Earliest leg terminations is at point of intercept.
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### Units
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- `NavBear` and `Course` are in **degrees magnetic**.
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- `NavDist` and `Distance` are in **nmi**. `NavDist` is geodesic, `Distance` is slant.
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### Notes
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The leg terminates upon reaching `Distance`.
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This intercept point then becomes the origin fix of the succeeding leg.
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## Track from Fix to Manual Termination (FM)
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### Example
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LFPV 27 PB2V SID (Cycle 2507, ID 10395)
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### Minimum Required Fields
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- `WptID`: FixIdentifier
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- `NavID`: RecommendedNavaid
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- `NavBear`: Theta
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- `NavDist`: RHO
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- `Course`: MagCourse
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### Instructions
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- From the fix identified by (`WptID`, `WptLat`, `WptLon`) *or*
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(`NavID`, `NavLat`, `NavLon`, `NavDist`, `NavBear`), fly `Course` indefinitely.
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### Units
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- `NavBear` and `Course` are in **degrees magnetic**.
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- `NavDist` is in **nmi**. `NavDist` is geodesic.
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## Holding mandatory (altitude end) (HA)
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### Example
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LOWG GRZ4X SID (Cycle 2507, ID 12765)
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### Minimum Required Fields
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- `WptID`: FixIdentifier
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- `TurnDir`: TurnDirection
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- `Course`: MagCourse
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- `Distance`: RouteTIMEDistanceHoldingTime
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- `Alt`: Alt1+ (at or above)
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### Instructions
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- At fix identified by (`WptID`, `WptLat`, `WptLon`), enter `TurnDir` direction holding pattern.
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- `Course` shall be the inbound course of the holding.
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- `Distance` shall be the holding leg distance *or* time
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- `Alt` shall be the altitude at which the holding is exited
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### Units
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- `Course` is in **degrees magnetic**.
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- `Distance` is in **nmi** *or* **min**. `Distance` is geodesic if in nmi.
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- `Alt` is in **ft**, but doubles as an FMS constraint.
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### Notes
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As per the docs, there should be a field indicating whether `Distance` is distance or time.
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I have not found the field or anything that alludes to such.
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Conversely, as per the FAA, the altitude should be the exit point of the leg.
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This goes against the textual description of the example.
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My guess is that the holding is at all times executed at leat once, even if the entry to it is also
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the exit altitude.
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As for the missing time/distance decider field, assume it to be distance at all times.
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## Holding in lieu of Procedure Turn (HF)
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### Example
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FAWB VDM29 APP (Cycle 2507, ID 67794)
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### Minimum Required Fields
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- `WptID`: FixIdentifier
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- `TurnDir`: TurnDirection
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- `Course`: MagCourse
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- `Distance`: RouteTIMEDistanceHoldingTime
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### Instructions
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- At fix identified by (`WptID`, `WptLat`, `WptLon`), enter `TurnDir` direction holding pattern.
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- `Course` shall be the inbound course of the holding.
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- `Distance` shall be the holding leg distance *or* time
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- Holding shall be exited after exactly one turn
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### Units
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- `Course` is in **degrees magnetic**.
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- `Distance` is in **nmi** *or* **min**. `Distance` is geodesic if in nmi.
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### Notes
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As per the docs, there should be a field indicating whether `Distance` is distance or time.
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I have not found the field or anything that alludes to such.
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My guess is that `Distance` always is a distance. This would match with the example.
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The Leg terminates after the hold is exited ath the hold entry fix.
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## Holding mandatory (manual end) (HM)
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### Example
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FAWB VDM29 APP (Cycle 2507, ID 67794), Missed approach procedure
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### Minimum Required Fields
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- `WptID`: FixIdentifier
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- `TurnDir`: TurnDirection
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- `Course`: MagCourse
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- `Distance`: RouteTIMEDistanceHoldingTime
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### Instructions
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- At fix identified by (`WptID`, `WptLat`, `WptLon`), enter `TurnDir` direction holding pattern.
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- `Course` shall be the inbound course of the holding.
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- `Distance` shall be the holding leg distance *or* time
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- Holding shall be indefinite
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### Units
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- `Course` is in **degrees magnetic**.
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- `Distance` is in **nmi** *or* **min**. `Distance` is geodesic if in nmi.
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### Notes
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As per the docs, there should be a field indicating whether `Distance` is distance or time.
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I have not found the field or anything that alludes to such.
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My guess as for the missing time/distance decider field, assume it to be distance at all times.
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## Initial Fix (IF)
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### Example
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FAWB 29 VDM29 APP (Cycle 2507, ID 67794), Missed approach procedure
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### Minimum Required Fields
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- `WptID`: FixIdentifier
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### Instructions
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- Start of a STAR or APP
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### Notes
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Nothing to be done except parse restrictions.
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Servers as the entry point of a STAR/APP procedure.
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## Procedure Turn (PI)
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### Example
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FAUP VDM35 APP (Cycle 2507, ID 67790)
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### Minimum Required Fields
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- `WptID`: FixIdentifier
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- `TurnDir`: TurnDirection
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- `NavID`: RecommendedNavaid
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- `NavBear`: Theta
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- `NavDist`: RHO
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- `Course`: MagCourse
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- `Distance`: RouteTimeDISTANCEHoldingTime (excursion distance from fix)
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- `Alt`: Alt1
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### Instructions
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- From the fix identified by (`WptID`, `WptLat`, `WptLon`) *or*
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(`NavID`, `NavLat`, `NavLon`, `NavDist`, `NavBear`), fly direct to succeeding leg fix.
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- Turn `TurnDir` onto `Course`.
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- Fly for 1 minute.
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- Turn 180°.
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- Fly until intercepting course of succeeding leg.
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- `Alt` shall be the altitude during the procedure.
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### Units
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- `NavBear`and `Course` are in **degrees magnetic**.
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- `NavDist` and `Distance` are in **nmi**. `NavDist` and `Distance` are geodesic.
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- `Alt` is in **ft**, but doubles as an FMS constraint.
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### Notes
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This needs to look into the succeeding leg in order to fly the first segment and get the course
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to intercept after the reversal.
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The database does not specify how long the outbound leg shall be.
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1 minute is assumed here (googled it, seemed a common one).
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## Radius to Fix (RF)
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### Example
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LFRN 10 GODA5R SID (cycle 2507, ID 10485)
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### Minimum Required Fields
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- `WptID`: FixIdentifier
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- `TurnDir`: TurnDirection
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- `NavBear`: Theta (inbound tangential track)
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- `Course`: MagCourse
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- `Distance`: RouteTimeDISTANCEHoldingTime (along track distance)
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- `CenterID`: ArcCenter
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### Instructions
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- From preceding fix, fly a smooth arc to the fix identified by (`WptID`, `WptLat`, `WptLon`).
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- Arc center shall be navaid identified by `CenterID`, `CenterLat`, `CenterLon`.
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- Arc and turn shall be flown in direction specified by `TurnDir`.
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- `Distance` shall be the track miles along the curved path
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- `Course` shall be the inbound course of the tangent to the arc at the fix identified by
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(`WptID`, `WptLat`, `WptLon`).
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### Units
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- `NavBear` and `Course` are in **degrees magnetic**.
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- `Distance` is in **nmi**. `Distance` is geodesic (great-circle).
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### Notes
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While similar to an AF, the center point is coded differently.
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No radius is specified, but can be inferred based on center point, both endpoints and arc length
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Example has `NavBear` set to `null`, significance of the inbound tangential track is unknown.
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Use `Distance` for calculations in FMS.
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## Track to Fix (TF)
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### Example
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LFRN 10 GODA5R SID (cycle 2507, ID 10485)
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### Minimum Required Fields
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- `WptID`: FixIdentifier
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- `IsFlyOver`: Overfly
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### Instructions
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- From the preceding waypoint, fly direct to the waypoint identified by
|
|
(`WptID`, `WptLat`, `WptLon`).
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|
|
|
### Units
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|
|
|
- `IsFlyOver`: Boolean indicating if fix is a mandatory fly over.
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|
|
|
|
|
## Heading to Altitude (VA)
|
|
|
|
### Example
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|
|
|
LFRK 10 LGL4X SID (Cycle 2507, ID 10475)
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|
|
### Minimum Required Fields
|
|
|
|
- `Course`: MagCourse (Heading)
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|
- `Alt`: Alt1+ (at or above)
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|
|
|
### Instructions
|
|
|
|
- From preceding fix, fly heading specified in `Course` until reaching `Alt`.
|
|
- **No wind corrections shall be applied**
|
|
|
|
### Units
|
|
|
|
- `Course` is in **degrees magnetic**.
|
|
- `Alt` is in **ft**, but doubles as an FMS constraint.
|
|
|
|
### Notes
|
|
|
|
The leg terminates upon reaching `Alt`.
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|
This intercept point then becomes the origin fix of the succeeding leg.
|
|
This new origin is an implicit overfly.
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Heading to DME Distance (VD)
|
|
|
|
### Example
|
|
|
|
LFRK 31 NEVI4Y SID (Cycle 2507, ID 10482)
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|
|
|
### Minimum Required Fields
|
|
|
|
- `NavID`: RecommendedNavaid
|
|
- `Course`: MagCourse (Heading)
|
|
- `Distance`: RouteTimeDISTANCEHoldingTime (DME distance)
|
|
|
|
### Instructions
|
|
|
|
- From preceding fix, fly heading specified in `Course` until reaching `Distance` from the navaid
|
|
identified by (`NavID`, `NavLat`, `NavLon`).
|
|
- **No wind corrections shall be applied**
|
|
|
|
### Units
|
|
|
|
- `Course` is in **degrees magnetic**.
|
|
- `Distance` is in **nmi**. `Distance` is slant **not** geodesic.
|
|
|
|
### Notes
|
|
|
|
The leg terminates upon reaching `Distance`.
|
|
This intercept point then becomes the origin fix of the succeeding leg.
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Heading to Intercept (VI)
|
|
|
|
### Example
|
|
|
|
LFRK 31 LUSI4Y SID (Cycle 2507, ID 10480)
|
|
|
|
### Minimum Required Fields
|
|
|
|
- `Course`: MagCourse
|
|
|
|
### Instructions
|
|
|
|
- From preceding fix, fly heading specified in `Course` until interception of course of the
|
|
succeeding leg.
|
|
- **No wind corrections shall be applied**
|
|
|
|
### Units
|
|
|
|
- `Course` is in **degrees magnetic**.
|
|
|
|
### Notes
|
|
|
|
This needs to look into the succeeding leg in order to calculate the intercept point.
|
|
This intercept point then becomes the origin fix of the succeeding leg.
|
|
This new origin can never be an overfly due to the intercept nature.
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Heading to Manual Termination (VM)
|
|
|
|
### Example
|
|
|
|
LFPV 27 PB2P SID (Cycle 2507, ID 10394)
|
|
|
|
### Minimum Required Fields
|
|
|
|
- `Course`: MagCourse (Heading)
|
|
|
|
### Instructions
|
|
|
|
- From preceding fix, fly heading specified in `Course` indefinitely
|
|
- **No wind corrections shall be applied**
|
|
|
|
### Units
|
|
|
|
- `Course` is in **degrees magnetic**.
|
|
|
|
|
|
## Heading to Radial (VR)
|
|
|
|
### Example
|
|
|
|
LIMC 35R MMP8G SID (Cycle 2507, ID 11909)
|
|
|
|
### Minimum Required Fields
|
|
|
|
- `NavID`: RecommendedNavaid
|
|
- `NavBear`: Theta
|
|
- `Course`: MagCourse
|
|
|
|
### Instructions
|
|
|
|
- From preceding fix, fly heading specified in `Course` until interception of
|
|
`NavBear` radial *from* the navaid identified by `NavID`.
|
|
|
|
### Units
|
|
|
|
- `NavBear` and `Course` are in **degrees magnetic**.
|
|
|
|
### Notes
|
|
|
|
The leg terminates at the intercept point.
|
|
This intercept point then becomes the origin fix of the succeeding leg.
|
|
|
|
|
|
# Other Fields
|
|
|
|
- `Vnav`: Angle from IAF to MAP. Useful for RNAV.
|
|
|
|
|
|
# How to run
|
|
|
|
- `git clone https://git.hofmannnet.myhome-server.de/TFDi_MD-11_QA/NavDataExplorer.git`.
|
|
- `cd md11-nav-data`.
|
|
- `pnpm install`
|
|
|
|
For dev:
|
|
|
|
- Copy contents of `tfdidesign-aircraft-md11/Design/Primary` into ? `md11-nav-data/public/NavData`
|
|
- `cd md11-nav-data`.
|
|
- `pnpm dev`
|
|
|
|
For prod:
|
|
|
|
- `cd md11-nav-data`.
|
|
- `pnpm build`
|
|
- Verify NavData was copied into `dist` |